Extension Master Gardener Volunteers of Durham County

By Gary Crispell, NC State Extension Master Gardener^SM volunteer of Durham County

Aka: GARY’S GARULOUS GARDENING GUIDE

OMG! Was February wild or what? It was consistent in its inconsistency and that’s about all there is to that. Don’t look now, but it is March. Not the parade kind of march with bands and floats and stuff. March as in “Look at all the green things coming up in the garden!” That March. The garden wakes up in March and stretches like a dog after a nap.

Close-up of a violet grape hyacinth flower spike against a dark background.

Close-up of pink and white magnolia flowers blooming on branches.

Grape hyacinths and Saucer Magnolia are colorful harbingers of spring. It’s time to get back in the garden, but be cautious. NC State Extension says that the last spring frost date for Durham County is April 5th. (Image credit: CC BY-SA 4.0)

The Accidental Cottage Garden (ACG) is still hibernating for the most part. There are some grape hyacinths (Muscari armeniacum) in bloom, and the saucer magnolia (M. soulangeana) is opening just in time to get frosted. We’ve been here eight years now and we got to enjoy that tree in full flower twice. It would really prefer to be in Wilmington, but the bus ticket is too expensive. Even the pansies (Viola x hybrid) on the deck succumbed to the cold this year. The pots froze solid and killed the roots. I think there are plenty of perennial rosettes out there, but literally not having a leg to stand on has made it difficult to negotiate the yard. It will be a grand adventure seeing who has returned and who was just resting preparing to show off. We have attained meteorological spring, so get out those garden gloves and hats. Locate the sunscreen just in case, and don’t forget the liniment and heating pad and ice packs. Just being real here. Let’s go work in the garden before the insects wake up.

Lawn Care

It is time to fertilize cool season grasses (tall fescue, bluegrass, perennial rye). A slow release, high nitrogen (the “N” /first number on the bag) fertilizer will give you the greenest lawn into the summer. These grasses typically want to go dormant in the heat of summer (July & August), so unless you want to water them a lot during that time, this will be the last time to fertilize them until late August/early September. Preemergent crabgrass control should be applied between the time the forsythia (Forsythia intermedia) bloom and the time the native dogwoods (Cornus florida) bloom. Later than that and the soil temperature will be warm enough that the crabgrass will have already germinated. Mowing can commence whenever it seems appropriate. You know, like when the lawn looks raggedy and the soil is dry enough that the mower won’t leave ruts. Mow to a height of 3” to 4”. That height allows the grass blades to shade the soil (read root zone) and protect it from the heat of summer. It also helps weed control by preventing enough sunlight for weed germination and growth. win, win.

Let the clippings return to the ground unless they are too long (Waited a bit too long between mowings, did we?) or wet and clumping (and if we are mowing the grass when it’s wet, why?). Clippings do not belong in the landfill. If leaving them on the ground isn’t an option use them in the compost pile or as mulch.

(Image credit: Gman Viz/CC BY-NC-SA 2.0)

Fertilization (other than the lawn)

Green things that can be fertilized this month include shade trees, shrubs, and spring-flowering bulbs. Green things that should not be fertilized this month include St. Patrick’s Day revelers and leprechauns. Moderation is the key. (Take note revelers.) Asparagus beds should be fertilized early in March before the new spears appear. Work some fertilizer into the veggie garden bed(s). Lime may also be worked in now if your SOIL TEST so indicates. It will take 3 to 6 months for the calcium to become available to the plants, but that should be just in time for the June tomatoes and great timing for the Fall garden. Besides, if you don’t do it now, when will you?

Planting

All the things you didn’t get around to planting in the Fall (life got in the way, right?) can be planted now, and sooner rather than later. Just be cognizant of the fact that they will probably have greater water needs through the summer than anything planted in the Fall. Fall planted material had all winter to establish a root system strong enough to carry it through less than severe drought. There are exceptions, but there are always exceptions. (Take the aforementioned revelers and leprechauns for example.) Other things to be planted this month include perennials, for example coreopsis (C. bipinnata, C. lanceolata), foxglove (Digitalis purpurea), purple cone flower (Echinacea purpurea), balloon flower (Platycodon grandiflorus) and roses (Rosa sps.) While you have the trowel in hand might as well hit the vegetable garden. The same things that could be planted in late February can still be planted now. We’re talking root veggies (beets, carrots, potatoes, turnips, etc.) and salad greens (leaf lettuces, cabbages, kale, etc.). There is still time to start annuals and warm season vegetables inside for transplanting in April or May.

Pruning

Be advised, finish any fruit tree pruning ASAP. Prune roses mid to late March. (As an aside, now that we have been bumped up a USDA zone to 8, that timeline may need revising to an earlier date. I’ll research that for next year. Stay tuned.) Prune to a 5 leaflet leaf if those are visible. Otherwise prune the cane to an outward facing bud. Prune spring-flowering shrubs soon after the blooms fade. Dead head (pick off spent blossoms) pansies (Viola x hybrid) to prolong bloom time.

Spraying

Break out the sprayers! However, before using said sprayers check the plants for pests. With few exceptions (There they are again and we’ll get to them yet again in a minute.) prophylactic pesticide application is unwarranted. Always know what it is you are trying to control so that you can use the appropriate product. ALWAYS read the label and ALWAYS follow the instructions thereon. Applying a horticultural dormant oil to fruit trees, (prophylactically) particularly those that have recently been pruned, will help control several insect problems. (I told you we’d see exceptions again.)

MORE THINGS TO DO WHEN THE WEATHR IS HIGHLY UNPREDICTABLE

Get all the soon-to-be-needed gardening equipment ready for use. If it is supposed to be sharp, sharpen it. If it needs calibrating (sprayers and spreaders), calibrate it. If it has moving parts, lubricate them. If it has a four stroke motor, change the oil and filter. Plant a tree for Arbor Day. Here in North Carolina that is March 20th this year. It is always the first Friday after the 15 th . There will be several city, county, state sponsored events that will be posted on the various websites after March 1. In all things gardening, have fun. If it isn’t fun, hire it out or plant something that doesn’t require the burdensome task you deplore. Gardening should be fun, relaxing,
therapeutic even. It is March. Let the fun begin!

NC Arbor Day will be held March 20, 2026 with many events throughout the state. To learn more go to: https://www.arborday.org/celebrate/history

Additional Reading and Resources

NC State Extension. Central North Carolina Planting Calendar for Annual Vegetables, Fruits, and Herbs

NC State Extension. Pruning Calendar

Edited by Martha Keehner Engelke NC State Extension Master Gardener^SM volunteer of Durham County

Shortlink: https://wp.me/p2nIr1-7aD

By Justin Walker, Guest Contributor and Hub Farm Educator

This is the first article in a series on The Hub Farm, one of Durham’s garden gems and one of our community partners in gardening education.

Smiling man in greenhouse holding a green plant.

Two men and one woman behind a table of display items including dried loofah, deer antlers, wooden frame from honey bee hive, and animal bones.

(Left to right) “Farmer Justin” tending comfrey (Symphytum sp.) plants in the Hub Farm greenhouse. The small-but-mighty team at the farm: Geoffrey Seelen, Hub Farm manager, Ashley Boyette and Justin Walker, the farm’s educators, display found items and crops from the Hub Farm (ranging from turtle shells and deer antlers to loofas, strawflowers, and frames for honeybee hives) for Durham Public School’s 2026 Showcase of Schools. (Image credit: Justin Walker; Erin Carroll, Durham Public Schools)

My name is Justin Walker, aka “Farmer Justin.” I am an educator, gardener, social worker, and nature enthusiast who is a firm believer that the grand and wondrous natural world can be good medicine for all of us. Ever since I can remember, I have been drawn to natural spaces. From estuaries, to alpine lakes, from grasslands to deciduous forests, I can’t get enough. Couple any of these environments with nature’s bounty of nutritious foods, and that is what I call heaven! I believe life is a journey of continual discovery; and whatever mother nature hides, I seek to uncover the beauty and wonder she provides.

My latest discovery has been one of the best I have yet to find. Today, as I write to you I am overlooking the quiet calm of a February morning in central North Carolina. I stand in our Discovery Garden at The Hub Farm, Durham Public Schools’ outdoor learning campus.

Although it is currently 40 degrees and overcast, clouds are starting to let the sun peak in on these bleak rows and empty beds, with the exception of a few rows of alliums planted by local middle school students in the fall.

Recent views from the Hub Farm (clockwise from top left): Alliums, planted by local middle schoolers, provide some much needed green during the cold season. The floating lab is a great addition to our farm space. Designed and built by NC State Architecture and Design students, this unique space literally floats and is anchored by pylons to the bank of our pond. Here students can do water testing activities thanks to the panel in the floor that grants access to the pond beneath. The lab also allows us to host fishing activities and opportunities for aquatic environmental observation. Laying hens are part of our educational program and farm family. During these cold weather months and short days, we increase their performance with a diet of fermented feed. (Image credit: Justin Walker)

I am excited because I envision a bountiful growing season filled with edible offerings for students, teachers, and families throughout the Durham community.

At the Hub Farm, we are a small dedicated team of educators who offers wide ranging learning opportunities for all Durham public schools students. Whether we are teaching a lesson in our educational garden about how vegetables impact the ecosystems of the human body, why sweet potatoes grow so well in North Carolina, or teaching students about macroinvertebrates at the pond, we are always learning and sharing. At every space on the farm students are encouraged to use all of their senses while being immersed in the outdoors.

It’s currently too cold to host the student field trips that we are known for during the warmer months of the year. Much like winter, we are slowing down, reflecting, and reenergizing, building our curriculum and growing spaces for another year of exciting student engagement.

The People, Partnerships and Mission of the Hub Farm

This year the Hub Farm is celebrating 14 years of supporting outdoor education for the Durham community. Funded by Durham Public Schools, our 30-acre farm came into existence in October of 2012. Over the years there have been many iterations of the farm’s offerings. One thing that has remained consistent is that our farm leadership is made up of a team of 3, which means we cover a lot of ground to keep our space functioning and robust. So it is no surprise that when we are not hosting students for field trips and other educational initiatives, our growing volunteer base helps us keep our space thriving. We currently have a volunteer community of 25 wonderful people from a variety of backgrounds who support us with their time and hard work.

In addition to dedicated community volunteers, this year we will be working closely with student-led organizations from our local high schools including Future Farmers of America (FFA) and partnering with the Occupational Course of Study students for career and job skills preparation. We’ll also be supporting students for spring and summer high school internship programs where students will participate in a paid hands-on learning around farm management, enterprise management, program development, all while attaining transferable skills that are applicable throughout various areas of the marketplace.

And let’s not forget our partnership with area college students, too. We also will continue working with Duke University’s undergraduate volunteers program for additional events throughout this year.

We partner with Durham County Library for Storytime @ The Hub Farm. We aim to host more recreation opportunities for students, faculty, families and community members in the future. The produce that we grow here at the farm is predominately for educational purposes, and we share it with students during our field trips. Our surplus fruits and vegetables are donated to our Durham Community Fridges throughout the city to help support mutual aid for those in need of free fresh produce that simultaneously helps to alleviate food waste.

Agricultural Projects at the Hub Farm – Learn with Us!

Just like we teach our students about growing food and understanding our natural world here at the Hub Farm, I’ll be sharing some growing tips with you as we explore the work we do here in the Durham community. In forthcoming articles, I’ll share in-depth information on two of our ongoing gardening projects: growing mushrooms and understanding vermiculture. We’ll talk about how we use these projects to teach our local kids as well as how you might be inspired to incorporate these things into your garden toolbox. Here’s a little preview.

Mushrooms

Man holding chainsaw and kneeling beside cut logs.

Photo of an open hand with a sack full of shiitake mushroom plugs resting in the palm.

Preparing for mushroom inoculation this January at the Hub Farm. Here, I am cutting abundant sweet gum logs that will receive shiitake mushroom plugs. (Image credit: Geoff Seelen; Justin Walker)

Welcome to the “Mushroom Gorge,” a small space along one of our wooded areas near our chicken coop. In this area we house sweet gum logs that we cut on here on the farm. You may be wondering why sweet gum? Sweet gum trees (Liquidambar styraciflua) are hardy, native to Eastern North Carolina, and grow relatively quickly. They are a great source material because of their size, and they are an abundant tree here on the farm.

We cut them as needed in winter when they are dormant, and they work well because we cut trees that are anywhere between 4 to 10 inches in diameter and lengths of 3 to 4 feet long. Because the trees that are cut range from about 12 to 24 feet tall, we are able to maximize each tree’s value by utilizing the bulk of the tree. Logs which are cut between 3 and 4 feet long are viable for around 2 years and are abundant here on the farm. This particular variety of tree grows relatively quickly. They are durable and used for growing our shiitake mushrooms.

We are currently gearing up for our winter mushroom inoculation activity that will include local high school students who will learn how to combine sweet gum trees, shiitake mushroom plugs, and power tools to begin the process that offers a bounty of mushrooms that will arrive in the warmer months. In a future blog post, I will take you along with us on our journey and introduce you to the wonders of growing mushrooms. Hopefully you will be inspired by our story!

Vermiculture

A close-up of a hand holding a clump of dark, rich soil filled with several red worms, indicating healthy compost or worm castings.

Various pots of lettuce and leafy greens growing in a greenhouse, with sunlight illuminating the plants.

(Left to right) Red wiggler worms hard at work. The “worm tea,” a by-product of all that hard work, provides vital nutrients to crops like these lettuce plants in our greenhouse. We’ve also been incorporating extra worm tea and wrigglers to our garden beds as we prepare for spring planting. (Image credit: Justin Walker)

Composting with red wiggler worms plays a role in the life cycle of our farm. We use vermiculture (a process that relies on these worms to convert organic materials like food scraps, yard trimmings, and crop residues into valuable soil amendments) to teach students about how each of us–even these little creatures– plays an important role in nature and impacts our activities here at the Hub Farm. In a future blog post, I’ll dive more deeply into how we incorporate vermiculture in our program and explain the whats, hows, and whys that might encourage you to give vermicomposting a try in your garden.

Join Us as a Volunteer

A group of seven people posing for a photo outdoors, with colorful trees in the background. One person is taking a selfie with a peace sign, while others are smiling and sitting at a picnic table. Various items like gloves and clothing are visible on the table.

Four individuals working together to assemble or adjust a wooden picnic table outdoors.

People, namely volunteers, make the Hub Farm hum! (Image credit: Ashely Boyette)

As we enjoy the seasonal quiet we also anticipate a joyous kickstart to a fun-filled year. As a small team, we rely heavily on our volunteers and are always looking to expand our reach within the community. We will have a growing number of volunteer days and events this year, so if you are interested in joining us please reach out to me at justin_walker@dpsnc.net and get ready for an interactive experience. In 2026, we want to strengthen our community relationships, and of course, there are always chores to be done around the farm and fun to be had!

As the winter continues to give its offering of cold, quiet, and regenerative calm, I look forward to the emergence of spring when the farm is again boisterous and bustling with the excitement of students and buzzing with new life for another season of wonder and discovery. So please stay tuned as we look forward to sharing more about the happenings around the farm. I can’t wait to share more with you on our mushroom and vermiculture programming!

In the meantime, keep an eye out for our Instagram https://www.instagram.com/dpshubfarm/?hl=en posts that my teammate Ashley Boyette (ashley_boyette@dpsnc.net) is keeping up to date, and feel free to reach out via email for more volunteer information as winter begins to thaw and spring flowers begin to bloom.

Resources and Additional Information

Visit the Hub Farm’s online site: https://www.thehubfarm.org

To learn more about vermicomposting: https://composting.ces.ncsu.edu/vermicomposting-2/; on our blog: https://durhammastergardeners.com/2013/11/24/turn-kitchen-scraps-into-plant-food/

Read about mushroom cultivation: https://newcropsorganics.ces.ncsu.edu/specialty-crops/mushrooms/

Edited by Melinda Heigel, NC State Extension Master Gardener^SM volunteer of Durham County

Article Short Link: https://wp.me/p2nIr1-75t